Selvstudium Nginx - Installation af Letsencrypt-certifikatet til HTTPS

Vil du vide, hvordan du installerer Letsencrypt-certifikatet på Nginx-serveren på en computer, der kører Ubuntu Linux? I dette selvstudium viser vi dig, hvordan du installerer Letsencrypt-klienten og konfigurerer et HTTPS-websted på Nginx-serveren.

Nginx kalder Virtualhosts for funktionen SERVER BLOCKS.

• Ubuntu 18
• Ubuntu 19
• Ubuntu 20
• Nginx 1.18.0

I vores eksempel er IP-adressen på Nginx-serveren 36.160.86.106.

I vores eksempel er Nginx-serveren vært for hjemmesiden WWW.GAMEKING.TIPS.

Liste over udstyr

I det følgende afsnit vises listen over udstyr, der bruges til at oprette dette selvstudium.

Som En Amazon Associate, tjener jeg fra kvalificerende køb.

Nginx – Relateret selvstudium:

På denne side tilbyder vi hurtig adgang til en liste over tutorials relateret til Nginx.

Nginx Virtualhost – DNS-konfiguration

Få adgang til GODADDY-webstedet, og køb et DNS-domæne.

I vores eksempel købte vi et domæne med navnet:

Copy to Clipboard

Du kan bruge enhver hjemmeside til at købe et DNS-domæne, GoDaddy er bare mit personlige valg.

Opret en DNS-post, der peger på den computer, der kører Nginx.

I vores eksempel oprettede vi en DNS-indgang, der peger www.gameking.tips til 35.160.86.106.

Brug kommandoen NSLOOKUP til at teste din DNS-konfiguration.

Copy to Clipboard

Her er kommandoen output.

Copy to Clipboard

Tillykke! Du er færdig med den nødvendige DNS-konfiguration.

Selvstudium Letsencrypt – Nginx installation

Installer Nginx-serveren.

Copy to Clipboard

Opret en mappe til lagring af de nye webstedsfiler.

Copy to Clipboard

Webstedet filer vil blive gemt i følgende bibliotek:

Copy to Clipboard

Opret en Nginx-konfigurationsfil til det nye websted.

Copy to Clipboard

Her er filen med vores konfiguration.

Copy to Clipboard

Opret et symbolsk link for at aktivere den virtuelle Nginx-værtskonfiguration.

Copy to Clipboard

Genstart tjenesten Nginx.

Copy to Clipboard

Opret en testside i den nye webstedsmappe.

Copy to Clipboard

Her er filindholdet.

Copy to Clipboard

<html>
        <body>
                <h1>THIS IS A TEST</h1>
        <script>var rocket_beacon_data = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/techexpert.tips\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"5a891d6827","url":"https:\/\/techexpert.tips\/da\/nginx-da\/nginx-installation-af-letsencrypt-certifikatet-til-https","is_mobile":false,"width_threshold":1600,"height_threshold":700,"delay":500,"debug":null,"status":{"atf":true,"lrc":true},"elements":"img, video, picture, p, main, div, li, svg, section, header, span","lrc_threshold":1800}</script><script data-name="wpr-wpr-beacon" src='https://techexpert.tips/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/js/wpr-beacon.min.js' async></script><script>"use strict";function wprRemoveCPCSS(){var preload_stylesheets=document.querySelectorAll('link[data-rocket-async="style"][rel="preload"]');if(preload_stylesheets&&0<preload_stylesheets.length)for(var stylesheet_index=0;stylesheet_index<preload_stylesheets.length;stylesheet_index++){var media=preload_stylesheets[stylesheet_index].getAttribute("media")||"all";if(window.matchMedia(media).matches)return void setTimeout(wprRemoveCPCSS,200)}var elem=document.getElementById("rocket-critical-css");elem&&"remove"in elem&&elem.remove()}window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("load",wprRemoveCPCSS):window.attachEvent&&window.attachEvent("onload",wprRemoveCPCSS);</script><noscript><link data-minify="1" rel='stylesheet' id='wpml-blocks-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/dist/css/blocks/styles.css?ver=1732128896' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='wpml-menu-item-0-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-content/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/menu-item/style.min.css?ver=1' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='fusion-core-comment-form-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-content/plugins/fusion-core/css/comment-form.min.css?ver=5.11.11' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='fusion-core-privacy-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-content/plugins/fusion-core/css/privacy.min.css?ver=5.11.11' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='avada-stylesheet-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-content/themes/Avada/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=7.11.11' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-codemirror-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-includes/js/codemirror/codemirror.min.css?ver=5.29.1-alpha-ee20357' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='code-editor-css' href='https://techexpert.tips/wp-admin/css/code-editor.min.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://d1ny9casiyy5u5.cloudfront.net/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /></noscript></body>
</html>

Åbn din browser, og prøv at få adgang til det virtuelle websted.

I vores eksempel blev følgende webadresse indtastet i browseren:

• http://www.gameking.tips

Lykønskning! Konfigurationen af Nginx til serverblokke er fuldført.

Nginx Letsencrypt – Installation af certifikatet

Vi er nødt til at installere den gratis HTTPS certifikat.

Vi har også brug for at omdirigere alle HTTP-trafik til HTTPS-versionen af hjemmesiden automatisk.

Installer listen over påkrævede pakker.

Copy to Clipboard

Installer det Nginx-ledige HTTPS-certifikat

Copy to Clipboard

• Tryk på (A) for at aftale servicevilkårene.
• Tryk (Y) for at dele din e-mail og modtage nyhedsbreve.
• Tryk på (2) for automatisk at omdirigere dit HTTP-websted til HTTPS-versionerne.

Copy to Clipboard

Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer nginx
Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to
cancel): techexpert@gmail.com

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Please read the Terms of Service at
https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must
agree in order to register with the ACME server at
https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(A)gree/(C)ancel: A

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Would you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit
organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work
encrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(Y)es/(N)o: Y
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for www.gameking.tips
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges
Deploying Certificate to VirtualHost /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gameking.conf

Please choose whether or not to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS, removing HTTP access.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1: No redirect - Make no further changes to the webserver configuration.
2: Redirect - Make all requests redirect to secure HTTPS access. Choose this for
new sites, or if you're confident your site works on HTTPS. You can undo this
change by editing your web server's configuration.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 2
Redirecting all traffic on port 80 to ssl in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gameking.conf

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Congratulations! You have successfully enabled https://www.gameking.tips

You should test your configuration at:
https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=www.gameking.tips
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

IMPORTANT NOTES:
 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.gameking.tips/fullchain.pem
   Your key file has been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.gameking.tips/privkey.pem
   Your cert will expire on 2021-07-14. To obtain a new or tweaked
   version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again
   with the "certonly" option. To non-interactively renew *all* of
   your certificates, run "certbot renew"
 - Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot
   configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a
   secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will
   also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so
   making regular backups of this folder is ideal.
 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:

Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le

Systemet installerer automatisk et gratis certifikat.

Den konfigurerer også Nginx-serveren til at omdirigere al HTTP-adgang til HTTPS-versionen af dit websted.

I vores eksempel ændrede systemet vores virtuelle værtskonfigurationsfil.

Copy to Clipboard

Her er filindholdet.

Copy to Clipboard

NØGLE-filen indeholder din private certifikatnøgle og skal opbevares på et sikkert sted hele tiden.

I vores eksempel blev KEY-filen gemt på:

Copy to Clipboard

Systemet ændrer automatisk den oprindelige virtuelle Nginx-værtskonfigurationsfil.

Det vil automatisk omdirigere alle HTTP-anmodninger til HTTPS-versionen af dit websted.

Copy to Clipboard

Åbn din browser, og angiv DNS-adressen på det nye websted ved hjælp af HTTPS-protokollen.

I vores eksempel blev følgende webadresse indtastet i browseren:

• https://www.gameking.tips/

HTTPS-siden skal præsenteres.

Kontroller certifikategenskaberne.

Du har installeret et Let’s Encrypt-certifikat på Nginx-serveren.

Nginx Letsencrypt – Fornyelse af certifikat

Det gratis certifikat, der er installeret, er gyldigt i 90 dage.

Systemet opretter en planlagt opgave for automatisk at forny et certifikat inden for 30 dage efter udløb.

Det planlagte opgavenavn er CERTBOT, og det er placeret i følgende mappe:

Copy to Clipboard

Her er filindholdet.

Copy to Clipboard

Brug følgende kommando til at simulere processen med certifikatgodkendelse.

Copy to Clipboard

Her er kommandoen output.

Copy to Clipboard

Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/www.gameking.tips.conf
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Cert not due for renewal, but simulating renewal for dry run
Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer nginx
Renewing an existing certificate
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for www.gameking.tips
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
new certificate deployed with reload of nginx server; fullchain is
/etc/letsencrypt/live/www.gameking.tips/fullchain.pem
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
** DRY RUN: simulating 'certbot renew' close to cert expiry
**          (The test certificates below have not been saved.)

Congratulations, all renewals succeeded. The following certs have been renewed:
  /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.gameking.tips/fullchain.pem (success)
** DRY RUN: simulating 'certbot renew' close to cert expiry
**          (The test certificates above have not been saved.)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

IMPORTANT NOTES:
 - Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot
   configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a
   secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will
   also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so
   making regular backups of this folder is ideal.

Tillykke! Du har konfigureret fornyelsen af let krypterer automatisk certifikat.

Nginx – Installation af Letsencrypt-certifikatet til HTTPS

Nginx – Installation af Letsencrypt-certifikatet til HTTPS

Liste over udstyr

Nginx – Relateret selvstudium:

Nginx Virtualhost – DNS-konfiguration

Selvstudium Letsencrypt – Nginx installation

Nginx Letsencrypt – Installation af certifikatet

Nginx Letsencrypt – Fornyelse af certifikat

Nginx – Installation af Letsencrypt-certifikatet til HTTPS

Nginx – Installation af Letsencrypt-certifikatet til HTTPS

Liste over udstyr

Nginx – Relateret selvstudium:

Nginx Virtualhost – DNS-konfiguration

Selvstudium Letsencrypt – Nginx installation

Nginx Letsencrypt – Installation af certifikatet

Nginx Letsencrypt – Fornyelse af certifikat

Related Posts